What type of attack involves manipulating DNS data to redirect traffic to fraudulent sites?

The type of attack that involves manipulating DNS data to redirect traffic to fraudulent sites is known as DNS spoofing. In DNS spoofing, an attacker corrupts the DNS name resolution process by responding to DNS queries with the wrong IP address, funneling users to illegitimate websites instead of their intended destinations. This technique can be utilized for various malicious purposes, including stealing sensitive information or distributing malware.

Other types of attacks, while they may involve some elements of deception or interception, do not primarily focus on modifying DNS responses. Phishing attacks primarily rely on social engineering to trick users into providing sensitive information, such as login credentials, typically via email. Man-in-the-middle attacks involve intercepting and potentially altering communications between two parties without their knowledge but do not specifically entail altering DNS records. DDoS attacks aim to overwhelm a target's resources, making systems unavailable but do not involve redirecting traffic by manipulating DNS data. Hence, the most accurate identification of the specific technique involving DNS manipulation is DNS spoofing.